Síndrome antissintetase: anti-PL-7, anti-PL-12 e anti-EJ / Anti-synthetase syndrome: anti-PL-7, anti-PL-12 and anti-EJ

OBJETIVOS: Devido à escassez de trabalhos na literatura, realizamos análise de uma série de pacientes com síndrome antissintetase (SAS) do tipo anti-PL-7, PL-12 e EJ. MÉTODOS: Estudo de coorte, retrospectivo, envolvendo 20 pacientes com SAS (8 com anti-PL-7, 6 com PL-12, 6 com EJ), em acompanhamento em nosso serviço, entre 1982 e 2012. RESULTADOS: A média de idade dos pacientes ao início da doença foi de 38,5 ± 12,9 anos, e a duração da doença de 4,5 ± 6,4 anos. Setenta por cento dos pacientes eram brancos e 85% eram mulheres. Sintomas constitucionais ocorreram em 90% dos casos. Todos apresentavam fraqueza muscular objetiva dos membros; ao diagnóstico, 30% encontravam-se acamados e 65% com disfagia alta. Envolvimento articular, pulmonar e fenômeno de Raynaud ocorreram, respectivamente, em 50%, 40% e 65% dos casos; mais da metade dos pacientes apresentava pneumopatia incipiente, opacidade em vidro-fosco e/ou fibrose pulmonar. Não houve casos de envolvimento neurológico e/ou cardíaco. Todos receberam prednisona e, como poupadores dessa medicação, diferentes imunossupressores, dependendo da tolerância, efeitos colaterais e/ou refratariedade da doença. De relevância, os pacientes com anti-EJ apresentaram maiores taxas de recidiva. Dois pacientes evoluíram para óbito ao longo do seguimento, e um paciente teve neoplasia mamária na ocasião do diagnóstico da doença. CONCLUSÕES: A SAS (anti-PL-7, PL-12 e EJ) afetou predominantemente mulheres brancas. Embora os autoanticorpos descritos no presente estudo estejam mais relacionados com o acometimento pulmonar comparativamente ao articular, nossos pacientes apresentaram uma porcentagem significativa de ambos e com percentagem alta de miopatia. Além disso, houve menor taxa de mortalidade.

OBJECTIVES: Due to the scarcity of studies in the literature, we conducted an analysis of a series of patients with the anti-PL-7, PL-12 and EJ types of antisynthetase syndrome (ASS). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 20 patients with ASS (8 with anti-PL-7, 6 with PL-12, 6 with EJ) monitored in our department between 1982 and 2012. RESULTS: The mean patient age at disease onset was 38.5 ± 12.9 years, and the disease duration was 4.5 ± 6.4 years. Of all the patients, 70% were white and 85% were female. Constitutional symptoms occurred in 90% of cases. All patients presented objective muscle weakness in the limbs; in addition, 30% were bedridden and 65% demonstrated high dysphagia at diagnosis. Joint and pulmonary involvement and Raynaud's phenomenon occurred in 50%, 40% and 65% of cases, respectively, with more than half of the patients presenting incipient pneumopathy, ground-glass opacity and/or pulmonary fibrosis. There were no cases of neurological and/or cardiac involvement. All patients received prednisone or other immunosuppressants depending on tolerance, side effects and/or disease refractoriness. Importantly, patients with the anti-EJ type of ASS demonstrated higher rates of recurrence. Two patients died during follow-up, and 1 patient had breast cancer at the time of diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: ASS (anti-PL-7, PL-12 and EJ) was found to predominantly affect white women. Although the autoantibodies described in the present study are more related to pulmonary than joint involvement, our patients showed a significant percentage of both types of involvement and a high percentage of myopathy. We also observed a low mortality rate.

Myositis-specific and myositis-associated autoantibody profiles and their clinical associations in a large series of patients with polymyositis and dermatomyositis

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence of myositis-specific and myositis-associated autoantibodies and their clinical correlations in a large series of patients with dermatomyositis/polymyositis. METHOD: This cross-sectional study enrolled 127 dermatomyositis cases and 95 polymyositis cases. The disease-related autoantibody profiles were determined using a commercially available blood testing kit. RESULTS: The prevalence of myositis-specific autoantibodies in all 222 patients was 34.4%, whereas myositis-associated autoantibodies were found in 41.4% of the patients. The most frequently found autoantibody was anti-Ro-52 (36.9%), followed by anti-Jo-1 (18.9%), anti-Mi-2 (8.1%), anti-Ku (4.1%), anti-SRP (3.2%), anti-PL-7 (3.2%), anti-PL-12 (2.7%), anti-PM/Scl75 (2.7%), and anti-PM/Scl100 (2.7%). The distributions of these autoantibodies were comparable between polymyositis and dermatomyositis, except for a higher prevalence of anti-Jo-1 in polymyositis. Anti-Mi-2 was more prevalent in dermatomyositis. Notably, in the multivariate analysis, anti-Mi-2 and anti-Ro-52 were associated with photosensitivity and pulmonary disorders, respectively, in dermatomyositis. Anti-Jo-1 was significantly correlated with pulmonary disorders in polymyositis. Moreover, anti-Ro-52 was associated with anti-Jo-1 in both diseases. No significant correlation was observed between the remaining autoantibodies and the clinical and/or laboratory findings. CONCLUSIONS: Our data are consistent with those from other published studies involving other populations, although certain findings warrant consideration. Anti-Ro-52 and anti-Jo-1 were strongly associated with one another. Anti-Ro-52 was correlated with pulmonary disorders in dermatomyositis, whereas anti-Jo-1 was correlated with pulmonary alterations in polymyositis. .